Журнал "Медицинский совет. Неврология/Ревматология" № 18, 2018
В.А. Парфенов, С.В. Вербицкая, ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский университет)Когнитивные нарушения (КН) представляют одну из причин инвалидности больных, перенесших инсульт. Анализируются распространенность, механизмы развития, проявления, диагноз, лечение и профилактика постинсультных КН. Отмечается, что КН у больного, перенесшего инсульт, могут быть вызваны не только очаговым сосудистым поражением головного мозга, но и наличием сопутствующих сосудистых и дегенеративных поражений. Представлены результаты собственного изучения в течение 5 лет КН у 350 больных, перенесших инсульт. Лечение и профилактика прогрессирования КН основаны на профилактике инсульта, нелекарственных и лекарственных методах улучшения когнитивных функций. Обсуждаются данные по использованию Церебролизина при инсульте, результаты двух последних метаанализов применения Церебролизина.
Cognitive impairment and dementia
V.A. Parfenov, S.V. Verbitskaya, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University) Post-stroke cognitive impairment
Cognitive impairment (CI) is one of the causes of acquired disability in post-stroke patients. The article presents an analysis of the prevalence, pathogenesis, manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of post-stroke CI. It is noted that CI can be caused not only by focal vascular brain damage, but also by the presence of concomitant vascular and degenerative lesions in stroke patients. The authors present the results of their own study of CI in 350 patients after stroke within 5 years. The treatment and prevention of CI progression are based on stroke prevention, non-pharmaceutical and pharmaceutical methods for improving cognitive functions. The article discusses data on the use of Cerebrolysin in post-stroke patients, the results of the two latter meta-analyses of Cerebrolysin use
Загрузить файл статьи в формате PDF
Источники
1. Cerebrovascular disease, cognitive impairment and dementia. Cerebrovascular disease and dementia. 2nd ed. Edited by O’Brien J, Ames D, Gustafson L, et al. London, N.Y.: Martin Dunitz, 2004.
2. Gorelick PB, Scuteri A, Black SE, et al. Vascular Contributions to Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/ American Stroke Association. Stroke, 2011, 42: 2672-2713.
3. Парфенов В.А., Хасанова Д.Р. Ишемический инсульт. М.: МИА, 2012. 288 с.
4. Гусев Е.И., Боголепова А.Н. Когнитивные нарушения при цереброваскулярных заболеваниях. М.: МЕДпресс-информ, 2013. 180 с.
5. Парфенов В.А., Захаров В.В., Преображенская И.С. Когнитивные расстройства. М.: Ремедиум, 2014. 224 с.
6. Cumming TB, Brodtmann A, Darby D, et al. The importance of cognition to quality of life after stroke. J Psychosom Res,2014, 77(5): 374-379.
7. Sun JH, Tan L, Yu JT Post-stroke cognitive impairment: epidemiology, mechanisms and management. Ann Transl Med, 2014, 2(8): 80.
8. Rist PM, Chalmers J, Arima H, et al. Baseline cognitive function, recurrent stroke, and risk of dementia in patients with stroke. Stroke, 2013, 44: 1790-1795.
9. Gutiérrez Pérez C, Savborg M, Pahlman U, et al. High frequency of cognitive dysfunction before stroke among older people. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry, 2011, 26: 622-629.
10. Douiri A, Rudd AG, Wolfe CD. Prevalence of poststroke cognitive impairment: South London Stroke Register 1995-2010. Stroke, 2013, 44: 138-145.
11. Jacquin A, Binquet C, Rouaud O, et al. Post-stroke cognitive impairment: high prevalence and determining factors in a cohort of mild stroke. J Alzheimers Dis, 2014, 40: 1029-1038.
12. Jokinen H, Melkas S, Ylikoski R, et al. Post-stroke cognitive impairment is common even after successful clinical recovery. Eur J Neurol, 2015, 22(9): 1288-1294.
13. Pendlebury ST, Rothwell PM. Prevalence, incidence, and factors associated with pre-stroke and post-stroke dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Neurol, 2009, 8: 1006-1018.
14. Altieri M, Di Piero V, Pasquini M, Gasparini M, Vanacore N, Vicenzini E, Lenzi GL Delayed poststroke dementia: a 4-year follow-up study. Neurology, 2004 Jun 22, 62(12): 2193-2197.
15. Sachdev P, Kalaria R, O’Brien J, et al. Diagnostic criteria for vascular cognitive disorders: a VASCOG statement. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord, 2014, 28(3): 206-218.
16. Jacova C, Pearce LA, Costello R, et al. Cognitive impairment in lacunar strokes: the SPS3 trial. Ann Neurol, 2012, 72: 351-362.
17. Benisty S, Gouw AA, Porcher R, et al. Location of lacunar infarcts correlates with cognition in a sample of non-disabled subjects with age-related white-matter changes: the LADIS study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 2009, 80: 478-483.
18. Вербицкая С.В., Парфенов В.А., Решетников В.А., Козлов В.В., Кабаева А.Р. Постинсультные когнитивные расстройства (результаты 5-летнего наблюдения) Неврология, нейропсихиатрия и психосоматика, 2018, 9(1): 37-42.
19. Mahon S, Parmar P, Barker-Collo S, et al. Determinants, prevalence, and trajectory of long-term post-stroke cognitive impairment. Results from a 4-year follow-up of the ARCOS-IV study. Neuroepidemiology, 2017, 49(3-4): 129-134.
20. Barker WW, Luis CA, Kashuba A. Relative frequencies of Alzheimer disease, Lewy body, vascular and frontotemporal dementia, and hippocampal sclerosis in the State of Florida Brain Bank. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord, 2002, 16(4): 203-212.
21. Gemmell E, Tam E, Allan L, et al. Neuron volumes in hippocampal subfields in delayed poststroke and aging-related dementias. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol, 2014, 73: 305-311.
22. Sahathevan R, Brodtmann A, Donnan GA. Dementia, stroke, and vascular risk factors, a review. Int J Stroke, 2012, 7: 61-73.
23. Sun JH, Tan L, Yu JT Post-stroke cognitive impairment: epidemiology, mechanisms and management. Ann Transl Med, 2014, 2 (8): 80.
24. Mohd Zulkifly MF, Ghazali SE, Che Din N, et al. The influence of demographic, clinical, psychological and functional determinants on post-stroke cognitive impairment at day care stroke center, Malaysia. Malays J Med Sci, 2016, 23(2): 53-64.
25. Arba F, Quinn T, Hankey GJ, et al. Determinants of post-stroke cognitive impairment: analysis from VISTA. Acta Neurol Scand, 2017, 135(6): 603-607.
26. Sibolt G, Curtze S, Melkas S, et al. Poststroke dementia is associated with recurrent ischaemic stroke. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 2013, 84: 722-726.
27. Jellinger KA. The enigma of mixed dementia. Alzheimers Dement, 2007, 3: 40-53.
28. Gemmell E, Tam E, Allan L, et al. Neuron volumes in hippocampal subfields in delayed poststroke and aging-related dementias. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol, 2014, 73: 305-11.
29. Roman GC, Tatemichi TK, Erkinjuntti T, et al. Vascular Dementia: Diagnostic criteria for research studies. Report of the NINDS-AIREN International Workshop. Neurology, 1993, 43: 250-260.
30. European Stroke Organisation (ESO) Executive Committee, ESO Writing Committee. Guidelines for management of ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attack. Cerebrovasc Dis, 2008, 25: 457-507.
31. Powers WJ, Rabinstein AA, Ackerson T, Adeoye OM, Bambakidis NC, Becker K, et al. 2018 Guidelines for the early management of patients with acute ischemic stroke: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/ American Stroke Association. Stroke, 2018, 49(3): e46-e110.
32. Ankolekar S, Geeganage C, Anderton P, et al. Clinical trials for preventing post stroke cognitive impairment. J Neurol Sci, 2010, 299(1-2): 168-174.
33. Gorelick PB. Blood Pressure and the Prevention of Cognitive Impairment. JAMA Neurol, 2014, 71: 1211-1213.
34. Ihle-Hansen H, Thommessen B, Fagerland MW, et al. Blood pressure control to prevent decline in cognition after stroke. Vasc Health Risk Manag, 2015, 11: 311-316.
35. Alvarez XA, Fuentes P. Cerebrolysin in Alzheimer’s disease. Drugs Today (Barc), 2011, 47: 487-513
36. Plosker GL, Gautheir S. Cerebrolyzin: a review of its use in dementia. Drugs Aging, 2009, 26(11): 893-915.
37. Chen N, Yang M, Guo J, et al. Cerebrolyzin for VaD. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2013, 1: CD008900
38. Zhang D, Dong Y, Li Y, Chen J, Wang J, Hou L. Efficacy and Safety of Cerebrolysin for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Biomed Res Int, 2017, 2017: 4191670. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/4191670.
39. Bornstein NM, Guekht A, Vester J, Heiss WD, Gusev E, Hömberg V, et al. Safety and efficacy of Cerebrolysin in early post-stroke recovery: a meta-analysis of nine randomized clinical trials. Neurol Sci, 2018, 39: 629-640, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-0173214-0.
